The .30 Carbine is a centerfire rifle cartridge that was developed for the M1 Carbine during World War II. It was designed as a lightweight and compact cartridge to be used in a semi-automatic rifle by non-frontline troops, such as vehicle crews, artillerymen, and support personnel.

Here are some key details about the .30 Carbine:

1. Origin: The .30 Carbine was developed by Winchester in the early 1940s for the United States military. It was intended to provide more firepower and range than a pistol while being lighter and more maneuverable than a full-sized rifle.

2. Caliber and Cartridge Dimensions: The .30 Carbine has a caliber of .30 inches (7.62mm) and utilizes a rimless, bottlenecked cartridge case. The overall length of the cartridge is 1.285 inches (32.6mm).

3. Bullet Weight and Velocity: The standard bullet weight for the .30 Carbine is typically around 110 grains (7.1 grams). It is propelled at muzzle velocities ranging from approximately 1,900 to 2,000 feet per second (580 to 610 meters per second).

4. Ballistic Performance: The .30 Carbine offers intermediate-level power compared to larger rifle cartridges. It provides moderate recoil and has effective range limitations of around 200 yards (183 meters) due to its lighter bullet and lower muzzle velocity.

5. Firearms Chambered in .30 Carbine: The primary firearm chambered in .30 Carbine is the M1 Carbine, a lightweight semi-automatic rifle that saw widespread use during World War II and beyond. Today, there are also other rifles and carbines chambered in .30 Carbine, both in military surplus and commercial variants.

While the .30 Carbine was originally developed for military use, it has also gained popularity among civilian shooters for recreational shooting, plinking, and hunting small to medium-sized game at close to moderate ranges.